Geol. 115 Study Guide for Lesson Ten

What do you need to know (meaning understand, not just memorize) to do spectacularly well on Quiz 10? The essential terms and concepts are listed below. Writing out answers to each of the following would be an excellent way to prepare.

(Be able to define or recognize the definition of these terms and understand their useage in context). You can find the information in the web lesson -- on your test, do not expect exactly the same wording or examples as in your lesson. It would be a good idea to cross reference the defintions in the lesson with those you find in the texts.)

1) Essential Vocabulary

Mantle, crust, core, tectonic plates, sedimentary, metamorpic & igneous rock, lithification, metamorphism, petrifaction, hydrothermal, geode, intrusive & extrusive rock, pegmatite, vug, floater, bog oak, lode, eluvial, alluvial.

2) Essential Concepts

Three layers of Earth: relative proportions, where gems form, rock vs mineral, steps of the rock cycle, intrusive vs extrusive magma and crystal sizes, factors necessary for gem formation, three modes of gem formation: examples of each, process of petrifaction, gems which form in mantle, why pegmatites are so gem rich, how do doubly terminated and floater cyrstals form?, two groups of organic gems with respect to their formation: examples of each, primary vs secondary gem deposits, eluvial vs alluvial (practical and ecomonic factors and examples).

3) Pronunciation Guide

(Clicking on the term will temporarily take you to a new web page to hear the pronunciation of the word. Depending on your browser configuration either put away the audio window, or use the back button to return to the list.)

Lithification, petrifaction, kimberlite, lamproite, pegmatite, staurolite, proteinaceous, eluvial, alluvial.